Pakistan's Historic Horse-Drawn Tram: A Centennial Journey

Pakistan's Historic Horse-Drawn Tram: A Centennial Journey

In 1903, Ganga Ram, a renowned social activist, introduced a distinctive mode of transportation in his village in Faisalabad, Pakistan. It was a tram system on narrow railway tracks, operated by horses. While such horse-drawn railways were common in the early 19th century, Ganga Ram's initiative, known as the Ghoda Train (meaning horse train), persisted long after the advent of steam locomotives and even after Pakistan gained independence.

The Ghoda Train served as a vital link between two villages—Buchiana and Gangapur—the latter named in honor of Ganga Ram himself, a multifaceted individual known for his contributions as an engineer, architect, and philanthropist. Born in 1851 in Mangtanwala village, Punjab Province (now in Pakistan), Ganga Ram's journey from humble beginnings to becoming a prominent figure is remarkable.

After receiving his education in engineering, Ganga Ram embarked on a distinguished career in the Public Works Department of the British Raj in India. His talent for innovation and dedication to public service led to the creation of several iconic buildings and structures across Lahore, earning him the title of "the father of modern Lahore."

Upon retiring from government service, Ganga Ram turned his attention to agriculture. His transformative efforts turned barren land into fertile fields through innovative irrigation techniques, marking one of the largest private agricultural endeavors in the region.

Ganga Ram Agarwal

In recognition of his contributions, Ganga Ram was allotted land by the government, where he established the village of Gangapur. To facilitate transportation of agricultural machinery, he constructed the horse-drawn railway connecting Buchiana Railway station to his village, spanning a distance of 3 kilometers.

Despite its historical significance, the Ghoda Train fell into disuse by the 1980s due to neglect. However, in 2010, the district government refurbished the project, reviving it as a unique form of transportation and amusement for villagers.

Unfortunately, lack of funds and government interest led to the cessation of operations once again. Today, the neglected state of the Ghoda Train serves as a poignant reminder of the need to preserve cultural heritage.

Ganga Ram's legacy lives on through landmarks such as the Ganga Ram Samadhi, where he rests. His contributions continue to inspire generations, embodying the spirit of service and innovation.

Railway tracks of the Ghoda train. Photo credit: meemainseen/Instagram

Photo credit: Imran Akhtar

The trollies with benches bolted to the floor. Photo credit: Imran Akhtar

References:
# Sir Ganga Ram: Father of Modern Lahore, Peepul Tree
# Who is Sir Ganga Ram and why his legacy lives on in India and Pakistan?, BBC
# Faisalabad’s horse tram – a long-lost symbol of history, The Express Tribune